Determining channel state information in advanced networks

ABSTRACT

Facilitating a determination of channel state information for advanced networks (e.g., 4G, 5G, and beyond) is provided herein. Operations of a system can comprise configuring a mobile device with a demodulation reference signal. The operations can also comprise transmitting a channel state information reference signal to the mobile device, wherein the channel state information reference signal configures a number of channel state information reference signal ports. Operations of another system can comprise determining a number of resources for a group of transmission ranks and determining a link quality metric for transmission ranks of the group of transmission ranks. The operations can also comprise selecting a transmission rank and a precoding matrix indicator and transmitting the precoding matrix indicator to a network device.

RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation of, and claims the priority of eachof, U.S. patent application Ser. No. 17/039,396, filed Sep. 30, 2020,and entitled “DETERMINING CHANNEL STATE INFORMATION IN ADVANCEDNETWORKS,” which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No.16/383,519, filed Apr. 12, 2019 (now U.S. Pat. No. 10,833,742), andentitled “DETERMINING CHANNEL STATE INFORMATION IN ADVANCED NETWORKS”.Further, each of these applications claim the benefit of priority toU.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 62/717,617, filed Aug. 10, 2018,and entitled “DETERMINING CHANNEL STATE INFORMATION IN ADVANCEDNETWORKS.” All of the above noted priority applications are expresslyincorporated in their entireties herein by reference.

TECHNICAL FIELD

This disclosure relates generally to the field of mobile communicationand, more specifically, to determining channel state information inwireless communication systems for advanced networks (e.g., 4G, 5G, andbeyond).

BACKGROUND

To meet the huge demand for data centric applications, Third GenerationPartnership Project (3GPP) systems and systems that employ one or moreaspects of the specifications of the Fourth Generation (4G) standard forwireless communications will be extended to a Fifth Generation (5G)standard for wireless communications. Unique challenges exist to providelevels of service associated with forthcoming 5G, or other nextgeneration, standards for wireless communication.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Various non-limiting embodiments are further described with reference tothe accompanying drawings in which:

FIG. 1 illustrates an example, non-limiting message sequence flow chartthat can facilitate downlink data transfer in accordance with one ormore embodiments described herein;

FIG. 2 illustrates an example, non-limiting system diagram of a MultipleInput Multiple Output (MIMO) system with Demodulation Reference Signals(DM-RS) in accordance with one or more embodiments described herein;

FIG. 3A illustrates resource mapping for antenna port one in accordancewith one or more embodiments described herein;

FIG. 3B illustrates resource mapping for antenna port two in accordancewith one or more embodiments described herein;

FIG. 3C illustrates resource mapping for antenna port three inaccordance with one or more embodiments described herein;

FIG. 3D illustrates resource mapping for antenna port four in accordancewith one or more embodiments described herein;

FIG. 4 illustrates an example, non-limiting, system for determiningchannel state information in advanced networks in accordance with one ormore embodiments described herein;

FIG. 5 illustrates an example, non-limiting, computer-implemented methodfor a network device to compute or determine the channel stateinformation in accordance with one or more embodiments described herein;

FIG. 6 illustrates an example, non-limiting, computer-implemented methodfor a device to compute or determine the channel state information inaccordance with one or more embodiments described herein;

FIG. 7 illustrates an example, non-limiting pictorial view of aPrecoding Matrix Indicator (PMI) search algorithm in accordance with oneor more embodiments described herein;

FIG. 8 illustrates an example, non-limiting, computer-implemented methodfor determining rank indicator and/or precoding rank indicator inaccordance with one or more embodiments described herein;

FIG. 9 illustrates an example block diagram of an example mobile handsetoperable to engage in a system architecture that facilitates wirelesscommunications according to one or more embodiments described herein;and

FIG. 10 illustrates an example block diagram of an example computeroperable to engage in a system architecture that facilitates wirelesscommunications according to one or more embodiments described herein.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

One or more embodiments are now described more fully hereinafter withreference to the accompanying drawings in which example embodiments areshown. In the following description, for purposes of explanation,numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thoroughunderstanding of the various embodiments. However, the variousembodiments can be practiced without these specific details (and withoutapplying to any particular networked environment or standard).

Described herein are systems, computer-implemented methods, articles ofmanufacture, and other embodiments or implementations that canfacilitate determining channel state information for advanced networks.More specifically described herein are aspects related to wirelesscommunication systems and related to determining channel stateinformation including determining rank indicator, precoding matrixindicator, and/or channel quality information in a multi antennawireless communication system.

An embodiment relates to a method that can comprise determining, by amobile device comprising a processor, a number of resources for a groupof transmission ranks. The method can also comprise determining, by themobile device, a link quality metric for transmission ranks of the groupof transmission ranks. Further, the method can comprise, selecting, bythe mobile device, a transmission rank from the group of transmissionranks and a precoding matrix indicator, resulting in a selectedprecoding matrix indicator. Also, the method can comprise transmitting,by the mobile device, the precoding matrix indicator to a networkdevice.

In an example, selecting the transmission rank and the precoding matrixindicator can comprise using mutual information for a first selection ofthe transmission rank and a second selection of the precoding matrixindicator. Further to this example, the method can comprise determining,by the mobile device, channel quality indicator information based on thetransmission rank and the precoding matrix indicator.

According to some implementations, selecting the transmission rank andthe precoding matrix indicator can comprise using a capacity-basedapproach. In accordance with some implementations, selecting thetransmission rank can comprise selecting the transmission rank from thegroup of transmission ranks. Further, resource blocks of thetransmission ranks in the group of transmission ranks can compriserespective overhead values.

According to an example, selecting the transmission rank can compriseselecting the transmission rank based on capacity information determinedfor the transmission rank satisfying a defined capacity informationthreshold. The capacity information can be indicative of a data carryingcapacity for the transmission rank. According to another example,selecting the transmission rank can comprise selecting the transmissionrank based on mutual information per symbol determined as a function ofpost-processing signal to interference plus noise ratio for thetransmission ranks of the group of transmission ranks.

In some implementations, the method can comprise transmitting, by themobile device, the selected precoding matrix indicator to a networkdevice of a group of network devices of a communications network.Further to these implementations, transmitting the selected precodingmatrix indicator to the network device can comprise transmitting theprecoding matrix indicator via an uplink channel configured to operateaccording to a fifth generation wireless network communication protocol.

In another embodiment, described herein is a system that can comprise aprocessor and a memory that stores executable instructions that, whenexecuted by the processor, facilitate performance of operations. Theoperations can comprise determining, for transmission ranks of a groupof transmission ranks, a number of resources and respective link qualitymetrics. The operations can also comprise choosing, a transmission rankfrom the group of transmission ranks and a precoding matrix indicatorfrom a group of precoding matrix indicators.

According to some implementations, the operations can comprisefacilitating a first selection of the transmission rank and a secondselection of the precoding matrix indicator based on mutual informationper symbol determined as a function of post-processing signal tointerference plus noise ratio for the transmission ranks of the group oftransmission ranks. Further, in some implementations, the operations cancomprise facilitating a choice of the transmission rank and theprecoding matrix indicator based on a capacity-based approach. In someimplementations, the operations can comprise determining a channelquality indicator information based on the transmission rank and theprecoding matrix indicator.

The operations can also comprise facilitating a transmission of theprecoding matrix indicator, selected from the group of precoding matrixindicators, to a network device of a group of network devices in acommunications network. Further, the operations can comprisetransmitting the precoding matrix indicator via an uplink channelconfigured to operate according to a fifth generation wireless networkcommunication protocol.

Another embodiment relates to a machine-readable storage medium,comprising executable instructions that, when executed by a processor,facilitate performance of operations. The operations can compriseconfiguring a mobile device with a demodulation reference signal. Theoperations can also comprise transmitting a channel state informationreference signal to the mobile device. The channel state informationreference signal can be utilized to configure a number of channel stateinformation reference signal ports.

In an example, configuring the mobile device can comprise configuringthe mobile device with a type 1 demodulation reference signal pattern.In another example, configuring the mobile device can compriseconfiguring the mobile device with a type 2 demodulation referencesignal pattern.

According to another example, configuring the mobile device can compriseconfiguring the mobile device with a single symbol. In accordance withanother example, configuring the mobile device can comprise configuringthe mobile device with two symbols.

To meet the huge demand for data centric applications, 4G standards canbe applied to 5G, also called New Radio (NR) access. 5G networks cancomprise the following: data rates of several tens of megabits persecond supported for tens of thousands of users; 1 gigabit per secondcan be offered simultaneously (or concurrently) to tens of workers onthe same office floor; several hundreds of thousands of simultaneous (orconcurrent) connections can be supported for massive sensor deployments;spectral efficiency can be enhanced compared to 4G; improved coverage;enhanced signaling efficiency; and reduced latency compared to LTE.

Multiple Input, Multiple Output (MIMO) systems can significantlyincrease the data carrying capacity of wireless systems. For thesereasons, MIMO is an integral part of the third and fourth generationwireless systems (e.g., 3G and 4G). In addition, 5G systems also employMIMO systems, which are referred to as massive MIMO systems (e.g.,hundreds of antennas at the transmitter side (e.g., network)and/receiver side (e.g., user equipment). With a (N_(t),N_(r)) system,where N_(t) denotes the number of transmit antennas and Nr denotes thereceive antennas, the peak data rate multiplies with a factor of N_(t)over single antenna systems in rich scattering environment.

Referring initially to FIG. 1, illustrated is an example, non-limitingmessage sequence flow chart 100 that can facilitate downlink datatransfer in accordance with one or more embodiments described herein.The non-limiting message sequence flow chart 100 can be utilized for newradio, as discussed herein. As illustrated, the non-limiting messagesequence flow chart 100 represents the message sequence between anetwork device 102 and a mobile device 104. As used herein, the term“network device 102” can be interchangeable with (or include) a network,a network controller or any number of other network components. One ormore pilot signals and/or reference signals 106 can be transmitted fromthe network device 102 to the mobile device 104. The one or more pilotsignals and/or reference signals 106 can be cell specific and/or userequipment specific signals. The one or more pilot signals and/orreference signals 106 can be beamformed or non-beamformed.

Based on the one or more pilot signals and/or reference signals 106, themobile device 104 can compute the channel estimates and can determinethe one or more parameters needed for channel state information (CSI)reporting, as indicated at 108). The CSI report can comprise, forexample, channel quality indicator (CQI), preceding matrix index (PMI),rank information (RI), Channel State Information Reference Signal(CSI-RS) Resource Indicator (CRI the same as beam indicator), and so on,or any number of other types of information.

The CSI report can be sent from the mobile device 104 to the networkdevice 102 via a feedback channel (e.g., uplink control or feedbackchannel 110). The CSI report can be sent either on request from thenetwork device 102, a-periodically, and/or the mobile device 104 can beconfigured to report periodically.

The network device 102, which can comprise a scheduler, can use the CSIreport for choosing the parameters for scheduling of the particularmobile device 104. For example, as indicated at 112, the network device102 can determine the parameters for downlink transmission based on thechannel state information. The parameters for downlink transmission caninclude but are not limited to: Modulation and Coding Scheme (MCS),power, Physical Resource Blocks (PRBs), and so on.

The network device 102 can send the scheduling parameters to the mobiledevice 104 in a downlink control channel (e.g., downlink control channel114). After the scheduling parameter information is transmitted, theactual data transfer can take place from the network device 102 to themobile device 104 over the data traffic channel 116.

Downlink reference signals are predefined signals occupying specificresource elements within the downlink time-frequency grid. There areseveral types of downlink reference signals that are transmitted indifferent ways and used for different purposes by the receiving terminal(e.g., the mobile device 104). For example, downlink reference signalscan include CSI reference signals (CSI-RS) and demodulation referencesignals (DM-RS).

CSI reference signals are specifically intended to be used by terminals(e.g., the mobile device 104) to acquire channel-state information (CSI)and beam specific information (beam RSRP). In 5G, CSI-RS is mobiledevice specific. Therefore, the CSI-RS can have a significantly lowertime/frequency density.

Demodulation reference signals (also sometimes referred to asUE-specific reference signals), are specifically intended to be used byterminals for channel estimation for data channel. The label“UE-specific” relates to the fact that each demodulation referencesignal is intended for channel estimation by a single terminal. Thatspecific reference signal is then only transmitted within the resourceblocks assigned for data traffic channel transmission to that terminal.

Other than the above-mentioned reference signals, there are otherreference signals, namely phase tracking and tracking and soundingreference signals, which can be used for various purposes.

An uplink control channel carries information about Hybrid AutomaticRepeat Request (HARQ-ACK) information corresponding to the downlink datatransmission, and channel state information. The channel stateinformation can comprise CSI-RS Resource Indicator (CRI), Rank Indicator(RI), Channel Quality Indicator (CQI), Precoding Matrix Indicator (PMI),and Layer Indicator, and so on. The CSI can be divided into twocategories. A first category can be for sub band and a second categorycan be for wideband. The configuration of subband and/or wideband CSIreporting can be performed through RRC signaling as part of CSIreporting configuration. Table 1 below illustrates example contents ofan example, CSI report for both wideband and side band. Specifically,Table 1 illustrates the contents of a report for PMI formatindicator=Wideband, CQI format indicator=wideband and for PMI formatindicator=subband, CQI format indicator=subband.

TABLE 1 PMI-FormatIndicator = PMI-FormatIndicator = subbandPMI orwidebandPMI and CQI-FormatIndicator = subbandCQI CQI-FormatIndicator =CSI Part II widebandCQI CSI Part I wideband Subband CRI CRI WidebandSubband CQI for the differential CQI second TB for the second TB of alleven subbands Rank Indicator Rank PMI PMI subband Indicator widebandinformation fields (X1 and X₂ of all even X2) subbands Layer IndicatorLayer — Subband Indicator differential CQI for the second TB of all oddsubbands PMI wideband Wideband — PMI subband (X1 and X2) CQI informationfields X₂ of all odd subbands Wideband CQI Subband — — differential CQIfor the first TB

It is noted that for NR, the subband can be defined according to thebandwidth part of the OFDM in terms of PRBs as shown in Table 2 below,which illustrates configurable subband sizes. The sub band configurationcan also be performed through RRC signaling.

TABLE 2 Carrier bandwidth part (PRBs) Subband Size (PRBs) <24 N/A 24-724, 8  73-144  8, 16 145-275 16, 32

The downlink control channel (PDCCH) can carry information about thescheduling grants. This can comprise a number of MIMO layers scheduled,transport block sizes, modulation for each codeword, parameters relatedto HARQ, sub band locations, and so on. It is noted that all DCI formatsmay not use and/or transmit all the information as shown above. Ingeneral, the contents of PDCCH depends on transmission mode and DCIformat.

In some cases, the following information is transmitted by means of thedownlink control information (DCI) format: carrier indicator, identifierfor DCI formats, bandwidth part indicator, frequency domain resourceassignment, time domain resource assignment, Virtual Resource Block(VRB)-to-PRB mapping flag, PRB bundling size indicator, rate matchingindicator, Zero Power (ZP) CSI-RS trigger, modulation and coding schemefor each Transport Block (TB), new data indicator for each TB,redundancy version for each TB, HARQ process number, downlink assignmentindex, Transmit Power Control (TPC) command for uplink control channel,Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH) resource indicator, PhysicalDownlink Shared Channel (PDSCH)-to-HARQ feedback timing indicator,antenna port(s), transmission configuration indication, SoundingReference Signal (SRS) request, Code Block Group (CBG) transmissioninformation, CBG flushing out information, Demodulation Reference Signal(DMRS) sequence initialization, and so on.

FIG. 2 illustrates an example, non-limiting, system diagram 200 of aMultiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) system with Demodulation ReferenceSignals (DM-RS) in accordance with one or more embodiments describedherein. MIMO systems can significantly increase the data carryingcapacity of wireless systems. MIMO can be used for achieving diversitygain, spatial multiplexing gain, and beamforming gain. For thesereasons, MIMO is an integral part of 3G and 4G wireless systems. Inaddition, massive MIMO systems are currently under investigation for 5Gsystems and more advanced systems.

The system diagram 200 is an example, non-limiting conceptual diagram ofa MIMO system with demodulation reference signal. At a gNode Btransmitter, common reference signals, namely CSI-RS 202 are transmittedfor channel sounding. The UE receiver 204 estimates channel quality(typically Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio (SINR)) from channelsounding (e.g., via a channel estimator device 206), and computes thepreferred precoding matrix (PMI), rank indicator (RI), and CQI for thenext downlink transmission. This information is referred to as channelstate information (CSI) 208. The UE conveys this information through afeedback channel 210 (e.g., the uplink control or feedback channel 110as discussed with respect to FIG. 1).

For downlink data transmission, the gNode B uses this information andchooses the precoding matrix as suggested by the UE (or the gNodeB canchoose a precoding matrix on its own, which can be other than the UErecommended PMI), CQI, and the transport block size, and so on. Finally,both the reference signal (DM-RS) 212 and the data 214 are multiplied bythe precoding matrix (e.g., pre-coder device 216) selected by the gNodeB and transmitted, indicated at 218. The UE receiver estimates theeffective channel (e.g., the channel multiplied by the precoding matrix)and demodulates the data.

FIGS. 3A to 3D illustrate non-limiting examples of resource mapping fora Demodulation Reference Signal (DM-RS) structure for up to four antennaports in accordance with one or more embodiments described herein.Specifically, FIG. 3A illustrates resource mapping for antenna port one;FIG. 3B illustrates resource mapping for antenna port two; FIG. 3Cillustrates resource mapping for antenna port three; and FIG. 3Dillustrates resource mapping for antenna port four.

As indicated, FIGS. 3A to 3D illustrate an example of DM-RS structurefor 4 antenna ports (hence maximum 4 layers and 4 DM-RS) in NR system.The first two OFDM symbols in FIGS. 3A-3D are control symbols (indicatedby columns 302 and 304).

As illustrated in FIG. 3A, six reference symbols, indicated as the darksquares in the third OFDM symbol (e.g., indicated as third column 306)within a resource-block are transmitted for a single antenna port 0. Asillustrated in FIG. 3B, the same reference symbols, indicated as thedark squares in the third OFDM symbol (indicated as the third column308) are code multiplexed and transmitted on antenna port 1.

In a similar manner, for ports 2 (FIG. 3C) and port 3 (FIG. 3D) the sameresource elements are used for transmitting DMRS reference symbols.These are illustrated by the dark squares in the third column 310 ofFIG. 3C and the third column 312 of FIG. 3D. However, they are codemultiplexed as in port 0 and 1. Note that the resource elements are usedfor rank 3 and 4 (ports 2 and 3) are orthogonal in frequency to that ofport 0 and 1. The other reference symbols in FIGS. 3A to 3D can beutilized for data.

As the number of transmitted layers can vary dynamically, the number oftransmitted DM-RS can also vary. The terminal can be informed about thenumber of transmitted layers (or the rank) as part of the schedulinginformation via downlink control channel as explained with respect toFIG. 1.

As demonstrated by the NR design for DMRS, the number of resourceelements changes according to the transmission rank. That is, if thenetwork schedules a higher rank, a higher number of resource elementsare used, while with a lower rank, a smaller number of resources areused. For example, for the embodiments demonstrated by FIG. 3C and FIG.3D, a total of twelve resource elements are used (e.g., the six resourceelements used for Rank 1 and Rank 2, and the resource elements used forRank 3 and Rank 4, respectively).

However, with this adaptive number of resource elements the UE has tocompute the CSI and report this information to the network. Conventionaltechniques involve the UE assuming a fixed number of resources in CSIcomputation. However, if the rank is equal to 1, for example, eventhough the UE is reporting rank as 1, it does not assume the resourceelements reserved for reference signals 3 and 4. That is, during the CSIcomputation it assumes that these resource elements are not used. Hencewith the conventional technique there is significant reduction inthroughput of the NR system. Accordingly, an efficient solution isneeded to compute the CSI at the UE and report this information to thenetwork, as discussed herein.

FIG. 4 illustrates an example, non-limiting, system 400 for determiningchannel state information in advanced networks in accordance with one ormore embodiments described herein. Aspects of systems (e.g., the system400 and the like), apparatuses, or processes explained in thisdisclosure can constitute machine-executable component(s) embodiedwithin machine(s) (e.g., embodied in one or more computer readablemediums (or media) associated with one or more machines). Suchcomponent(s), when executed by the one or more machines (e.g.,computer(s), computing device(s), virtual machine(s), and so on) cancause the machine(s) to perform the operations described.

In various embodiments, the system 400 can be any type of component,machine, device, facility, apparatus, and/or instrument that comprises aprocessor and/or can be capable of effective and/or operativecommunication with a wired and/or wireless network. Components,machines, apparatuses, devices, facilities, and/or instrumentalitiesthat can comprise the system 400 can include tablet computing devices,handheld devices, server class computing machines and/or databases,laptop computers, notebook computers, desktop computers, cell phones,smart phones, consumer appliances and/or instrumentation, industrialand/or commercial devices, hand-held devices, digital assistants,multimedia Internet enabled phones, multimedia players, and the like.

As illustrated in FIG. 4, the system 400 can include a communicationdevice 402 and a network device 404. The network device 404 can beincluded in a group of network devices of a wireless network. Althoughonly a single communication device and a single network device are shownand described, the various aspects are not limited to thisimplementation. Instead, multiple communication devices and/or multiplenetwork devices can be included in a communications system.

The communication device 402 can include a resource evaluator component406, a rank evaluator component 408, a selector component 410, atransmitter/receiver component 412, at least one memory 414, at leastone processor 416, and at least one data store 418. The network device404 can include an establishment component 420, a communicationcomponent 422, at least one memory 424, at least one processor 426, andat least one data store 428.

The resource evaluator component 406 can determine a number of resourcesfor a group of transmission ranks. The rank evaluator component 408 candetermine respective link quality metrics for transmission ranks of thegroup of transmission ranks. Further, the selector component 410 canselect a transmission rank and a precoding matrix indicator resulting ina selected precoding matrix indicator. According to someimplementations, the selection by the selector component 410 can bebased on the respective link quality metrics. For example, the selectorcomponent 410 can select the transmission rank and the precoding matrixindicator by using mutual information for a first selection of thetransmission rank and a second selection of the precoding matrixindicator. Further to this example, the communication device 402 candetermine a channel quality indicator information based on thetransmission rank and the precoding matrix indicator.

According to some implementations, the selector component 410 can selectthe transmission rank from the group of transmission ranks. Further,resource blocks of the transmission ranks in the group of transmissionranks comprise respective overhead values.

According to some implementations, the establishment component 420 canconfigure the communication device 402 with a demodulation referencesignal. For example, the establishment component 420 can configure thecommunication device 402 with a type 1 demodulation reference signalpattern. In another example, the establishment component 420 canconfigure the communication device 402 with a type 2 demodulationreference signal pattern. In a further example, the establishmentcomponent 420 can configure the communication device 402 with a singlesymbol. According to yet another example, the establishment component420 can configure the communication device 402 with two symbols.

Further, the establishment component 420 can transmit a channel stateinformation reference signal to the communication device 402. Thechannel state information reference signal can configure a number ofchannel state information reference signal ports.

The transmitter/receiver component 412 can transmit the selectedprecoding matrix indicator to the network device 404. In an example, thetransmitter/receiver component 412 can transmit the selected precodingmatrix indicator via an uplink channel configured to operate accordingto a fifth generation wireless network communication protocol.

The transmitter/receiver component 412 (and/or the communicationcomponent 422) can be configured to transmit to, and/or receive datafrom, the network device 404 (or the communication device 402), othernetwork devices, and/or other communication devices. Through thetransmitter/receiver component 412 (and/or the communication component422), the communication device 402 (and/or the network device 404) canconcurrently transmit and receive data, can transmit and receive data atdifferent times, or combinations thereof. According to someimplementations, the transmitter/receiver component 412 (and/or thecommunication component 422) can facilitate communications between anidentified entity associated with the communication device 402 (e.g., anowner of the communication device 402, a user of the communicationdevice 402, and so on) and another communication device (e.g., or anentity associated with the other communication device). Further, thetransmitter/receiver component 412 (and/or the communication component422) can be configured to receive, from the network device 404 or othernetwork devices, various content including multimedia content.

The at least one memory 414 can be operatively connected to the at leastone processor 416. Further, the at least one memory 424 can beoperatively connected to the at least one processor 426. The memories(e.g., the at least one memory 414, the at least one memory 424) canstore executable instructions that, when executed by the processors(e.g., the at least one processor 416, the at least one processor 426)can facilitate performance of operations. Further, the processors can beutilized to execute computer executable components stored in thememories.

For example, the memories can store protocols associated withdetermining channel state information in advanced networks as discussedherein. Further, the memories can facilitate action to controlcommunication between the communication device 402 and the networkdevice 404 such that the system 400 can employ stored protocols and/oralgorithms to achieve improved communications in a wireless network asdescribed herein.

The memories can store respective protocols associated with determiningchannel state information, taking action to control communicationbetween the communication device 402 and the network device 404, suchthat the system 400 can employ stored protocols and/or algorithms toachieve improved communications in a wireless network as describedherein. It should be appreciated that data stores (e.g., memories)components described herein can be either volatile memory or nonvolatilememory, or can include both volatile and nonvolatile memory. By way ofexample and not limitation, nonvolatile memory can include read onlymemory (ROM), programmable ROM (PROM), electrically programmable ROM(EPROM), electrically erasable ROM (EEPROM), or flash memory. Volatilememory can include random access memory (RAM), which acts as externalcache memory. By way of example and not limitation, RAM is available inmany forms such as synchronous RAM (SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM),synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), double data rate SDRAM (DDR SDRAM), enhancedSDRAM (ESDRAM), Synchlink DRAM (SLDRAM), and direct Rambus RAM (DRRAM).Memory of the disclosed aspects are intended to comprise, without beinglimited to, these and other suitable types of memory.

The processors can facilitate respective analysis of information relatedto transmitted information embedded in one or more messages in acommunication network. The processors can be processors dedicated toanalyzing and/or generating information received, a processor thatcontrols one or more components of the system 400, and/or a processorthat both analyzes and generates information received and controls oneor more components of the system 400.

Further, the term network device (e.g., network node, network nodedevice) is used herein to refer to any type of network node servingcommunication devices and/or connected to other network nodes, networkelements, or another network node from which the communication devicescan receive a radio signal. In cellular radio access networks (e.g.,universal mobile telecommunications system (UMTS) networks), networknodes can be referred to as base transceiver stations (BTS), radio basestation, radio network nodes, base stations, NodeB, eNodeB (e.g.,evolved NodeB), and so on. In 5G terminology, the network nodes can bereferred to as gNodeB (e.g., gNB) devices. Network nodes can alsocomprise multiple antennas for performing various transmissionoperations (e.g., MIMO operations). A network node can comprise acabinet and other protected enclosures, an antenna mast, and actualantennas. Network nodes can serve several cells, also called sectors,depending on the configuration and type of antenna. Examples of networknodes (e.g., network device 404) can include but are not limited to:NodeB devices, base station (BS) devices, access point (AP) devices, andradio access network (RAN) devices. The network nodes can also includemulti-standard radio (MSR) radio node devices, comprising: an MSR BS, aneNode B, a network controller, a radio network controller (RNC), a basestation controller (BSC), a relay, a donor node controlling relay, abase transceiver station (BTS), a transmission point, a transmissionnode, a Remote Radio Unit (RRU), a Remote Radio Head (RRH), nodes indistributed antenna system (DAS), and the like.

Methods that can be implemented in accordance with the disclosed subjectmatter, will be better appreciated with reference to the following flowcharts. While, for purposes of simplicity of explanation, the methodsare shown and described as a series of blocks, it is to be understoodand appreciated that the disclosed aspects are not limited by the numberor order of blocks, as some blocks can occur in different orders and/orat substantially the same time with other blocks from what is depictedand described herein. Moreover, not all illustrated blocks can berequired to implement the disclosed methods. It is to be appreciatedthat the functionality associated with the blocks can be implemented bysoftware, hardware, a combination thereof, or any other suitable means(e.g., device, system, process, component, and so forth). Additionally,it should be further appreciated that the disclosed methods are capableof being stored on an article of manufacture to facilitate transportingand transferring such methods to various devices. Those skilled in theart will understand and appreciate that the methods could alternativelybe represented as a series of interrelated states or events, such as ina state diagram.

FIG. 5 illustrates an example, non-limiting, computer-implemented method500 for a network device to compute or determine the channel stateinformation in accordance with one or more embodiments described herein.Repetitive description of like elements employed in other embodimentsdescribed herein is omitted for sake of brevity. Thecomputer-implemented method 500 can be implemented by a network deviceof a wireless network, the network device comprising a processor.Alternatively, or additionally, a machine-readable storage medium cancomprise executable instructions that, when executed by a processor,facilitate performance of operations for the computer-implemented method500.

As mentioned, the disclosed aspects can facilitate acomputer-implemented method to compute or determine the channel stateinformation, namely rank indicator, precoder matrix indicator, andchannel quality indicator by assuming an adaptive structure of thereference signal. At 502, the network device can configure the UE withDMRS pattern (e.g., via the establishment component 420). For example,the DMRS pattern can be: either Type 1 or Type 2, front loaded withadditional or no additional, single symbol or two symbol. Further, at504, the network device can transmit the CSI-RS with the configurednumber of CSI-RS ports (e.g., via the communication component 422).

FIG. 6 illustrates an example, non-limiting, computer-implemented method600 for a device to compute or determine the channel state informationin accordance with one or more embodiments described herein. Repetitivedescription of like elements employed in other embodiments describedherein is omitted for sake of brevity. The computer-implemented method600 can be implemented by a mobile device (also referred to as UserEquipment (UE)) of a wireless network, the mobile device comprising aprocessor. Alternatively, or additionally, a machine-readable storagemedium can comprise executable instructions that, when executed by aprocessor, facilitate performance of operations for thecomputer-implemented method 600.

For channel state information, at 602, the UE can compute the number ofresources for each transmission rank (e.g., via the resource evaluatorcomponent 406). At 604, the UE can compute the link quality metric foreach rank (e.g., via the rank evaluator component 408).

Further, at 606, the UE can choose the rank and PMI which provides thebest capacity/mutual information (e.g., via the selector component 410).According to an example, a first selection of the transmission rank anda second selection of the precoding matrix indicator can be facilitatedbased on mutual information. In another example, a choice of thetransmission rank and the precoding matrix indicator can be facilitatedbased on a capacity-based approach. According to some implementations,the computer-implemented method can determine a channel qualityindicator information based on the transmission rank and the precodingmatrix indicator.

At 608, the UE can report this information to the network node (e.g.,via the transmitter/receiver component 412). For example, thecomputer-implemented method can facilitate a transmission of theprecoding matrix indicator, selected from the group of precoding matrixindicators, to a network device of a group of network devices in acommunications network. For example, the precoding matrix indicator canbe transmitted via an uplink channel configured to operate according toa fifth generation wireless network communication protocol.

With the various aspects provided herein for determining the channelstate information, the UE can compute the accurate channel stateparameters and can inform the network. Thus, the UE can provide, whichis determined to be a good, link estimation for better link adaptation.This in turn can increase the link and system throughput of the 5Gsystem providing huge gains over the conventional techniques.

In some embodiments the non-limiting term radio network node or simplynetwork node is used and it refers to any type of network node servingUE and/or connected to other network nodes or network elements or anyradio node from where a UE receives signal. Examples of radio networknodes are Node B, base station (BS), multi-standard radio (MSR) radionode such as MSR BS, gNodeB, eNode B, network controller, radio networkcontroller (RNC), base station controller (BSC), relay, donor nodecontrolling relay, base transceiver station (BTS), access point (AP),transmission points, transmission nodes, RRU, RRH, nodes in distributedantenna system (DAS) etc. system.

In some embodiments the non-limiting term user equipment (UE) is usedand it refers to any type of wireless device communicating with a radionetwork node in a cellular or mobile communication system. Examples ofUE are target device, device to device (D2D) UE, machine type UE or UEcapable of machine to machine (M2M) communication, PDA, iPad, tablet,mobile terminals, smart phone, laptop embedded equipped (LEE), laptopmounted equipment (LME), USB dongles etc.

Note that only 4×4 MIMO system is considered for describing thedisclosed aspects, but the various aspects are equally applicable for 8TX, and in general for any Nt≥2 Tx system whereby PMI and RI estimationis required. This disclosure interchangeably defines PMI as an indexwithin a codebook or the PMI as a precoder itself depending on thecontext.

The embodiments are described in particular for closed-loop MIMOtransmission scheme in NR, LTE based systems. However, the embodimentsare applicable to any Radio Access Technology (RAT) or multi-RAT systemwhere the UE operates using closed-loop MIMO (e.g., HSDPA, Wi-Fi/WLAN,WiMax, CDMA2000, and so on).

The embodiments are applicable to single carrier as well as tomulticarrier (MC) or carrier aggregation (CA) operation of the UE inconjunction with MIMO in which the UE is able to receive and/or transmitdata to more than one serving cells using MIMO. The term carrieraggregation (CA) is also called (e.g., interchangeably called)“multi-carrier system,” “multi-cell operation”, “multi-carrieroperation”, “multi-carrier” transmission and/or reception.

The following describes a few methods to obtain CSI, namely, by usingmutual information and/or by using a capacity approach.

First, the technique for using mutual information will be discussed. Asmentioned above, in NR, the UE needs to estimate a suitable CSI (e.g.,CQI/PMI/RI) in order to maximize the throughput and simultaneouslymaintaining the block-error-rate (BLER) constraint which can bemathematically described by a joint (integer) optimization problem,

$\begin{matrix}\begin{matrix}\max\limits_{{.\mspace{14mu}{CQI}},{PMI},{RI}} & {{Throughput}\mspace{14mu}( {{CQI},{PMI},{RI}} )} \\{{subject}\mspace{14mu}{to}} & {{BLER} \leq {Threshold}}\end{matrix} & {{Equation}\mspace{14mu}(1)}\end{matrix}$

Unfortunately, this joint (discrete/integer) optimization problem doesnot have any closed-form solution. Hence, it can be attempted toestimate a suitable PMI/RI (independent of CQI); thereafter, a suitableCQI is estimated accordingly for the chosen PMI (and RI).

For example, consider a single-cell scenario having perfect time andsynchronization, a received system model for (closed-loop) SM persub-carrier (post-FFT) can be shown as:

Y=HWX+N  Equation (2)

where, Y∈X^(N) ^(r) _(×1) corresponds to a received signal vector, andH∈X^(N) ^(r) ^(×N) ^(t) describes an overall channel matrix. A complexzero-mean Gaussian noise vector n∈C^(N) ^(r) _(×1) is having covarianceR_(n). An unknown complex data/symbol vector is denoted by x∈A^(N) ^(L)^(×1) (having normalized power E{xx^(H)}=R_(x)=I) corresponding to M-QAM(e.g., 64-QAM) constellation A. A (complex) precoder W_(PMI)∈Π^(N) ^(t)^(×N) ^(L) is selected from a given/known codebook Π having N_(Π) numberof precoders (where, PMI={0,1, . . . N_(Π)−1}) for a givenrank≤min{N_(r), N_(t)}.

The post-processing SINR per i^(th) spatial layer for a given PMI,assuming linear-MMSE detector employed at the receiver, reads

$\begin{matrix}{{SINR}_{i} = {\frac{1}{\lbrack ( {{W_{PMI}^{H}H^{H}R_{n}^{- 1}HW_{PMI}} + I_{N_{L}}} )^{- 1} \rbrack_{i,i}} - 1}} & {{Equation}\mspace{14mu}(3)}\end{matrix}$

where [A]_(i,j) corresponds to an i^(th) diagonal element of a matrix A.

In order to estimate a suitable PMI/RI, so-called a link-quality metric(LQM), (e.g., mean mutual information,) denoted as mMI (persub-band/wide-band) is computed, as given below,

$\begin{matrix}{{mMI} = {\frac{1}{rank}{\sum\limits_{i = 1}^{{RI} = {{ra}nk}}{\sum\limits_{k}^{K{(i)}}{\log\; 2( {1 + {{SINRi}\lbrack k\rbrack}} )}}}}} & {{Equation}\mspace{14mu}(4)}\end{matrix}$

where, I (SINR_(i)[k]) is a mutual information that is a function ofpost-processing SINR_(i) [k] (and modulation alphabet A) as given inTable 3 below, for i^(th) spatial layer and k^(th) resource-element. Thenumber of resource-elements employed for the computation of theaforementioned LQM is given by a parameter K (depending on thewide-band/sub-band PMI estimate). Table 3 below illustrates Mutualinformation for 4-QAM, 16-QAM and 64-QAM.

TABLE 3 Modulation Alphabet □ Mutual Information per symbol  4-QAM I(SINR_(i)) = J({square root over (4 SINR_(i))}) 16-QAM I (SINR_(i)) ≈(½)J(0.8818{square root over (SINR_(i))}) + (¼)J(1.6764{square root over(SINR_(i))}) + (¼)J(0.9316{square root over (SINR_(i))}) 64-QAM I(SINR_(i)) ≈ (⅓)J(1.1233{square root over (SINR_(i))}) +(⅓)J(0.4381{square root over (SINR_(i))}) + (⅓)J(0.4765{square root over(SINR_(i))}) −0.04210610 a³ + 0.209252 a² − 0.00640081 a, 0 < a < 1.6363J(a) ≈ {open oversize brace} 1-exp(0.00181491 a³ − 0.142675 a² −0.08220540 a + 0.0549608), 1.6363 < a < ∞.

After having the estimate of mMI (per sub-band/wide-band), one canestimate the PMI and RI jointly employing unconstrained optimizationwhich can be given as,

$\begin{matrix}{\max\limits_{{PMI},{RI}}{{mM}{I( {{PMI},{RI}} )}}} & {{Equation}\mspace{14mu}(5)}\end{matrix}$

FIG. 7 illustrates an example, non-limiting pictorial view 700 of aconventional Precoding Matrix Indicator (PMI) search algorithm inaccordance with one or more embodiments described herein. Specifically,FIG. 7 illustrates how the PMI and RI are computed based on the mutualinformation approach. Note that the CQI is computed afterwards with thechosen PMI/RI.

Now, the technique for using a capacity approach will be discussed. Thecapacity approach is similar to the mutual information approach, howeverin for the capacity approach, instead of finding mutual information, thecapacity is calculated as shown below,

$\begin{matrix}{{capacity} = {\frac{1}{rank}{\sum\limits_{i = 1}^{{RI} = {{ra}nk}}{\sum\limits_{k}^{K{(i)}}{\log\; 2( {1 + {{SINRi}\lbrack k\rbrack}} )}}}}} & {{Equation}\mspace{14mu}(6)}\end{matrix}$

FIG. 8 illustrates an example, non-limiting, computer-implemented method800 for determining rank indicator and/or precoding rank indicator inaccordance with one or more embodiments described herein. Repetitivedescription of like elements employed in other embodiments describedherein is omitted for sake of brevity. The computer-implemented method800 can be implemented by a device (e.g., a mobile device, a networkdevice of a wireless network, and so on) comprising a processor.Alternatively, or additionally, a machine-readable storage medium cancomprise executable instructions that, when executed by a processor,facilitate performance of operations for the computer-implemented method800.

The computer-implemented method 800 can be utilized for finding RI/PMIas discussed below for both LQMs, namely, mutual information andcapacity based LQMs. At 802, a channel can be estimated via referencesignals and/or reference data. For example, the UE can estimate thechannel via reference signals/data appropriately.

A post-processing SINR can be computed, at 804. For example, thepost-processing SINR can be computed for each entity in the precodingcodebook.

Further, at 806, LQMs can be computed. For example, computing the LQMscan be based on either capacity information or mutual information ofeach entity using a defined formula. The defined formula can be theformulas discussed above (e.g., Equation (1) through Equation (5) forthe mutual information approach; Equation (6) for the capacity basedapproach).

At 808, the precoding control index and the corresponding RI whichmaximizes the LQM can be determined. Further, at 810, the PMI can becomputed based on the RI chosen at 808. In addition, the CQI can bedetermined, at 812, based on the RI chosen at 808 and the PMI chosen at810.

It can be observed that the network needs to know the value of K (i) forcomputing the CSI. However, the values of K are different for eachtransmission rank. This is because the DMRS overhead depends on therank. Therefore, instead of assuming constant number of resources foreach rank an adaptive number of resource elements can be utilized forcomputing the CSI. As shown in Table 4 below, which illustrates thepercentage overhead for each transmission rank for Type 1, the value ofoverhead is different for each transmission rank.

TABLE 4 Transmission rank Overhead in % for each RB 1 4.2 2 4.2 3 8.4 48.4

In another embodiment, the UE can assume the value of K(i) is equal tothat of K(i) of the previously reported rank. That is, if in theprevious report the UE reported transmission rank is equal to 4, thenfor the current CSI reporting the UE assumes constant number ofresources equal to the overhead of 8.4% for each rank.

Described herein are systems, methods, articles of manufacture, andother embodiments or implementations that can facilitate determiningchannel state information in advanced networks. Facilitating adetermination of channel state information for advanced networks can beimplemented in connection with any type of device with a connection tothe communications network (e.g., a mobile handset, a computer, ahandheld device, etc.) any Internet of things (IoT) device (e.g.,toaster, coffee maker, blinds, music players, speakers, etc.), and/orany connected vehicles (cars, airplanes, space rockets, and/or other atleast partially automated vehicles (e.g., drones)). In some embodiments,the non-limiting term User Equipment (UE) is used. It can refer to anytype of wireless device that communicates with a radio network node in acellular or mobile communication system. Examples of UE are targetdevice, device to device (D2D) UE, machine type UE or UE capable ofmachine to machine (M2M) communication, PDA, Tablet, mobile terminals,smart phone, Laptop Embedded Equipped (LEE), laptop mounted equipment(LME), USB dongles etc. Note that the terms element, elements andantenna ports can be interchangeably used but carry the same meaning inthis disclosure. The embodiments are applicable to single carrier aswell as to Multi-Carrier (MC) or Carrier Aggregation (CA) operation ofthe UE. The term Carrier Aggregation (CA) is also called (e.g.,interchangeably called) “multi-carrier system,” “multi-cell operation,”“multi-carrier operation,” “multi-carrier” transmission and/orreception.

In some embodiments, the non-limiting term radio network node or simplynetwork node is used. It can refer to any type of network node thatserves one or more UEs and/or that is coupled to other network nodes ornetwork elements or any radio node from where the one or more UEsreceive a signal. Examples of radio network nodes are Node B, BaseStation (BS), Multi-Standard Radio (MSR) node such as MSR BS, eNode B,network controller, Radio Network Controller (RNC), Base StationController (BSC), relay, donor node controlling relay, Base TransceiverStation (BTS), Access Point (AP), transmission points, transmissionnodes, RRU, RRH, nodes in Distributed Antenna System (DAS) etc.

Cloud Radio Access Networks (RAN) can enable the implementation ofconcepts such as Software-Defined Network (SDN) and Network FunctionVirtualization (NFV) in 5G networks. This disclosure can facilitate ageneric channel state information framework design for a 5G network.Certain embodiments of this disclosure can comprise an SDN controllerthat can control routing of traffic within the network and between thenetwork and traffic destinations. The SDN controller can be merged withthe 5G network architecture to enable service deliveries via openApplication Programming Interfaces (APIs) and move the network coretowards an all Internet Protocol (IP), cloud based, and software driventelecommunications network. The SDN controller can work with, or takethe place of Policy and Charging Rules Function (PCRF) network elementsso that policies such as quality of service and traffic management androuting can be synchronized and managed end to end.

Referring now to FIG. 9, illustrated is an example block diagram of anexample mobile handset 900 operable to engage in a system architecturethat facilitates wireless communications according to one or moreembodiments described herein. Although a mobile handset is illustratedherein, it will be understood that other devices can be a mobile device,and that the mobile handset is merely illustrated to provide context forthe embodiments of the various embodiments described herein. Thefollowing discussion is intended to provide a brief, general descriptionof an example of a suitable environment in which the various embodimentscan be implemented. While the description includes a general context ofcomputer-executable instructions embodied on a machine-readable storagemedium, those skilled in the art will recognize that the innovation alsocan be implemented in combination with other program modules and/or as acombination of hardware and software.

Generally, applications (e.g., program modules) can include routines,programs, components, data structures, etc., that perform particulartasks or implement particular abstract data types. Moreover, thoseskilled in the art will appreciate that the methods described herein canbe practiced with other system configurations, includingsingle-processor or multiprocessor systems, minicomputers, mainframecomputers, as well as personal computers, hand-held computing devices,microprocessor-based or programmable consumer electronics, and the like,each of which can be operatively coupled to one or more associateddevices.

A computing device can typically include a variety of machine-readablemedia. Machine-readable media can be any available media that can beaccessed by the computer and includes both volatile and non-volatilemedia, removable and non-removable media. By way of example and notlimitation, computer-readable media can comprise computer storage mediaand communication media. Computer storage media can include volatileand/or non-volatile media, removable and/or non-removable mediaimplemented in any method or technology for storage of information, suchas computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules, orother data. Computer storage media can include, but is not limited to,RAM, ROM, EEPROM, flash memory or other memory technology, CD ROM,digital video disk (DVD) or other optical disk storage, magneticcassettes, magnetic tape, magnetic disk storage or other magneticstorage devices, or any other medium which can be used to store thedesired information and which can be accessed by the computer.

Communication media typically embodies computer-readable instructions,data structures, program modules, or other data in a modulated datasignal such as a carrier wave or other transport mechanism, and includesany information delivery media. The term “modulated data signal” means asignal that has one or more of its characteristics set or changed insuch a manner as to encode information in the signal. By way of example,and not limitation, communication media includes wired media such as awired network or direct-wired connection, and wireless media such asacoustic, RF, infrared and other wireless media. Combinations of the anyof the above should also be included within the scope ofcomputer-readable media.

The handset includes a processor 902 for controlling and processing allonboard operations and functions. A memory 904 interfaces to theprocessor 902 for storage of data and one or more applications 906(e.g., a video player software, user feedback component software, etc.).Other applications can include voice recognition of predetermined voicecommands that facilitate initiation of the user feedback signals. Theapplications 906 can be stored in the memory 904 and/or in a firmware908, and executed by the processor 902 from either or both the memory904 or/and the firmware 908. The firmware 908 can also store startupcode for execution in initializing the handset 900. A communicationscomponent 910 interfaces to the processor 902 to facilitatewired/wireless communication with external systems, e.g., cellularnetworks, VoIP networks, and so on. Here, the communications component910 can also include a suitable cellular transceiver 911 (e.g., a GSMtransceiver) and/or an unlicensed transceiver 913 (e.g., Wi-Fi, WiMax)for corresponding signal communications. The handset 900 can be a devicesuch as a cellular telephone, a PDA with mobile communicationscapabilities, and messaging-centric devices. The communicationscomponent 910 also facilitates communications reception from terrestrialradio networks (e.g., broadcast), digital satellite radio networks, andInternet-based radio services networks.

The handset 900 includes a display 912 for displaying text, images,video, telephony functions (e.g., a Caller ID function), setupfunctions, and for user input. For example, the display 912 can also bereferred to as a “screen” that can accommodate the presentation ofmultimedia content (e.g., music metadata, messages, wallpaper, graphics,etc.). The display 912 can also display videos and can facilitate thegeneration, editing and sharing of video quotes. A serial I/O interface914 is provided in communication with the processor 902 to facilitatewired and/or wireless serial communications (e.g., USB, and/or IEEE1394) through a hardwire connection, and other serial input devices(e.g., a keyboard, keypad, and mouse). This can support updating andtroubleshooting the handset 900, for example. Audio capabilities areprovided with an audio I/O component 916, which can include a speakerfor the output of audio signals related to, for example, indication thatthe user pressed the proper key or key combination to initiate the userfeedback signal. The audio I/O component 916 also facilitates the inputof audio signals through a microphone to record data and/or telephonyvoice data, and for inputting voice signals for telephone conversations.

The handset 900 can include a slot interface 918 for accommodating a SIC(Subscriber Identity Component) in the form factor of a card SubscriberIdentity Module (SIM) or universal SIM 920, and interfacing the SIM card920 with the processor 902. However, it is to be appreciated that theSIM card 920 can be manufactured into the handset 900, and updated bydownloading data and software.

The handset 900 can process IP data traffic through the communicationscomponent 910 to accommodate IP traffic from an IP network such as, forexample, the Internet, a corporate intranet, a home network, a personarea network, etc., through an ISP or broadband cable provider. Thus,VoIP traffic can be utilized by the handset 900 and IP-based multimediacontent can be received in either an encoded or decoded format.

A video processing component 922 (e.g., a camera) can be provided fordecoding encoded multimedia content. The video processing component 922can aid in facilitating the generation, editing, and sharing of videoquotes. The handset 900 also includes a power source 924 in the form ofbatteries and/or an AC power subsystem, which power source 924 caninterface to an external power system or charging equipment (not shown)by a power I/O component 926.

The handset 900 can also include a video component 930 for processingvideo content received and, for recording and transmitting videocontent. For example, the video component 930 can facilitate thegeneration, editing and sharing of video quotes. A location trackingcomponent 932 facilitates geographically locating the handset 900. Asdescribed hereinabove, this can occur when the user initiates thefeedback signal automatically or manually. A user input component 934facilitates the user initiating the quality feedback signal. The userinput component 934 can also facilitate the generation, editing andsharing of video quotes. The user input component 934 can include suchconventional input device technologies such as a keypad, keyboard,mouse, stylus pen, and/or touchscreen, for example.

Referring again to the applications 906, a hysteresis component 936facilitates the analysis and processing of hysteresis data, which isutilized to determine when to associate with the access point. Asoftware trigger component 938 can be provided that facilitatestriggering of the hysteresis component 936 when the Wi-Fi transceiver913 detects the beacon of the access point. A SIP client 940 enables thehandset 900 to support SIP protocols and register the subscriber withthe SIP registrar server. The applications 906 can also include a client942 that provides at least the capability of discovery, play and storeof multimedia content, for example, music.

The handset 900, as indicated above related to the communicationscomponent 910, includes an indoor network radio transceiver 913 (e.g.,Wi-Fi transceiver). This function supports the indoor radio link, suchas IEEE 802.11, for the dual-mode GSM handset 900. The handset 900 canaccommodate at least satellite radio services through a handset that cancombine wireless voice and digital radio chipsets into a single handhelddevice.

Referring now to FIG. 10, illustrated is an example block diagram of anexample computer 1000 operable to engage in a system architecture thatfacilitates wireless communications according to one or more embodimentsdescribed herein. The computer 1000 can provide networking andcommunication capabilities between a wired or wireless communicationnetwork and a server (e.g., Microsoft server) and/or communicationdevice. In order to provide additional context for various aspectsthereof, FIG. 10 and the following discussion are intended to provide abrief, general description of a suitable computing environment in whichthe various aspects of the innovation can be implemented to facilitatethe establishment of a transaction between an entity and a third party.While the description above is in the general context ofcomputer-executable instructions that can run on one or more computers,those skilled in the art will recognize that the innovation also can beimplemented in combination with other program modules and/or as acombination of hardware and software.

Generally, program modules include routines, programs, components, datastructures, etc., that perform particular tasks or implement particularabstract data types. Moreover, those skilled in the art will appreciatethat the various methods can be practiced with other computer systemconfigurations, including single-processor or multiprocessor computersystems, minicomputers, mainframe computers, as well as personalcomputers, hand-held computing devices, microprocessor-based orprogrammable consumer electronics, and the like, each of which can beoperatively coupled to one or more associated devices.

The illustrated aspects of the innovation can also be practiced indistributed computing environments where certain tasks are performed byremote processing devices that are linked through a communicationsnetwork. In a distributed computing environment, program modules can belocated in both local and remote memory storage devices.

Computing devices typically include a variety of media, which caninclude computer-readable storage media or communications media, whichtwo terms are used herein differently from one another as follows.

Computer-readable storage media can be any available storage media thatcan be accessed by the computer and includes both volatile andnonvolatile media, removable and non-removable media. By way of example,and not limitation, computer-readable storage media can be implementedin connection with any method or technology for storage of informationsuch as computer-readable instructions, program modules, structureddata, or unstructured data. Computer-readable storage media can include,but are not limited to, RAM, ROM, EEPROM, flash memory or other memorytechnology, CD-ROM, digital versatile disk (DVD) or other optical diskstorage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape, magnetic disk storage orother magnetic storage devices, or other tangible and/or non-transitorymedia which can be used to store desired information. Computer-readablestorage media can be accessed by one or more local or remote computingdevices, e.g., via access requests, queries or other data retrievalprotocols, for a variety of operations with respect to the informationstored by the medium.

Communications media can embody computer-readable instructions, datastructures, program modules or other structured or unstructured data ina data signal such as a modulated data signal, e.g., a carrier wave orother transport mechanism, and includes any information delivery ortransport media. The term “modulated data signal” or signals refers to asignal that has one or more of its characteristics set or changed insuch a manner as to encode information in one or more signals. By way ofexample, and not limitation, communication media include wired media,such as a wired network or direct-wired connection, and wireless mediasuch as acoustic, RF, infrared and other wireless media.

With reference to FIG. 10, implementing various aspects described hereinwith regards to the end-user device can include a computer 1000, thecomputer 1000 including a processing unit 1004, a system memory 1006 anda system bus 1008. The system bus 1008 couples system componentsincluding, but not limited to, the system memory 1006 to the processingunit 1004. The processing unit 1004 can be any of various commerciallyavailable processors. Dual microprocessors and other multi-processorarchitectures can also be employed as the processing unit 1004.

The system bus 1008 can be any of several types of bus structure thatcan further interconnect to a memory bus (with or without a memorycontroller), a peripheral bus, and a local bus using any of a variety ofcommercially available bus architectures. The system memory 1006includes read-only memory (ROM) 1027 and random access memory (RAM)1012. A basic input/output system (BIOS) is stored in a non-volatilememory 1027 such as ROM, EPROM, EEPROM, which BIOS contains the basicroutines that help to transfer information between elements within thecomputer 1000, such as during start-up. The RAM 1012 can also include ahigh-speed RAM such as static RAM for caching data.

The computer 1000 further includes an internal hard disk drive (HDD)1014 (e.g., EIDE, SATA), which internal hard disk drive 1014 can also beconfigured for external use in a suitable chassis (not shown), amagnetic floppy disk drive (FDD) 1016, (e.g., to read from or write to aremovable diskette 1018) and an optical disk drive 1020, (e.g., readinga CD-ROM disk 1022 or, to read from or write to other high capacityoptical media such as the DVD). The hard disk drive 1014, magnetic diskdrive 1016 and optical disk drive 1020 can be connected to the systembus 1008 by a hard disk drive interface 1024, a magnetic disk driveinterface 1026 and an optical drive interface 1028, respectively. Theinterface 1024 for external drive implementations includes at least oneor both of Universal Serial Bus (USB) and IEEE 1394 interfacetechnologies. Other external drive connection technologies are withincontemplation of the subject innovation.

The drives and their associated computer-readable media providenonvolatile storage of data, data structures, computer-executableinstructions, and so forth. For the computer 1000 the drives and mediaaccommodate the storage of any data in a suitable digital format.Although the description of computer-readable media above refers to aHDD, a removable magnetic diskette, and a removable optical media suchas a CD or DVD, it should be appreciated by those skilled in the artthat other types of media which are readable by a computer 1000, such aszip drives, magnetic cassettes, flash memory cards, cartridges, and thelike, can also be used in the exemplary operating environment, andfurther, that any such media can contain computer-executableinstructions for performing the methods of the disclosed innovation.

A number of program modules can be stored in the drives and RAM 1012,including an operating system 1030, one or more application programs1032, other program modules 1034 and program data 1036. All or portionsof the operating system, applications, modules, and/or data can also becached in the RAM 1012. It is to be appreciated that the innovation canbe implemented with various commercially available operating systems orcombinations of operating systems.

A user can enter commands and information into the computer 1000 throughone or more wired/wireless input devices, e.g., a keyboard 1038 and apointing device, such as a mouse 1040. Other input devices (not shown)can include a microphone, an IR remote control, a joystick, a game pad,a stylus pen, touchscreen, or the like. These and other input devicesare often connected to the processing unit 1004 through an input deviceinterface 1042 that is coupled to the system bus 1008, but can beconnected by other interfaces, such as a parallel port, an IEEE 1394serial port, a game port, a USB port, an IR interface, etc.

A monitor 1044 or other type of display device is also connected to thesystem bus 1008 through an interface, such as a video adapter 1046. Inaddition to the monitor 1044, a computer 1000 typically includes otherperipheral output devices (not shown), such as speakers, printers, etc.

The computer 1000 can operate in a networked environment using logicalconnections by wired and/or wireless communications to one or moreremote computers, such as a remote computer(s) 1048. The remotecomputer(s) 1048 can be a workstation, a server computer, a router, apersonal computer, portable computer, microprocessor-based entertainmentdevice, a peer device or other common network node, and typicallyincludes many or all of the elements described relative to the computer,although, for purposes of brevity, only a memory/storage device 1050 isillustrated. The logical connections depicted include wired/wirelessconnectivity to a local area network (LAN) 1052 and/or larger networks,e.g., a wide area network (WAN) 1054. Such LAN and WAN networkingenvironments are commonplace in offices and companies, and facilitateenterprise-wide computer networks, such as intranets, all of which canconnect to a global communications network, e.g., the Internet.

When used in a LAN networking environment, the computer 1000 isconnected to the local network 1052 through a wired and/or wirelesscommunication network interface or adapter 1056. The adapter 1056 canfacilitate wired or wireless communication to the LAN 1052, which canalso include a wireless access point disposed thereon for communicatingwith the wireless adapter 1056.

When used in a WAN networking environment, the computer 1000 can includea modem 1058, or is connected to a communications server on the WAN1054, or has other means for establishing communications over the WAN1054, such as by way of the Internet. The modem 1058, which can beinternal or external and a wired or wireless device, is connected to thesystem bus 1008 through the input device interface 1042. In a networkedenvironment, program modules depicted relative to the computer, orportions thereof, can be stored in the remote memory/storage device1050. It will be appreciated that the network connections shown areexemplary and other means of establishing a communications link betweenthe computers can be used.

The computer is operable to communicate with any wireless devices orentities operatively disposed in wireless communication, e.g., aprinter, scanner, desktop and/or portable computer, portable dataassistant, communications satellite, any piece of equipment or locationassociated with a wirelessly detectable tag (e.g., a kiosk, news stand,restroom), and telephone. This includes at least Wi-Fi and Bluetooth™wireless technologies. Thus, the communication can be a predefinedstructure as with a conventional network or simply an ad hoccommunication between at least two devices.

Wi-Fi, or Wireless Fidelity, allows connection to the Internet from acouch at home, in a hotel room, or a conference room at work, withoutwires. Wi-Fi is a wireless technology similar to that used in a cellphone that enables such devices, e.g., computers, to send and receivedata indoors and out; anywhere within the range of a base station. Wi-Finetworks use radio technologies called IEEE 802.11 (a, b, g, etc.) toprovide secure, reliable, fast wireless connectivity. A Wi-Fi networkcan be used to connect computers to each other, to the Internet, and towired networks (which use IEEE 802.3 or Ethernet). Wi-Fi networksoperate in the unlicensed 2.4 and 5 GHz radio bands, at a 9 Mbps(802.11a) or 54 Mbps (802.11b) data rate, for example, or with productsthat contain both bands (dual band), so the networks can providereal-world performance similar to the basic 16BaseT wired Ethernetnetworks used in many offices.

An aspect of 5G, which differentiates from previous 4G systems, is theuse of NR. NR architecture can be designed to support multipledeployment cases for independent configuration of resources used forRACH procedures. Since the NR can provide additional services than thoseprovided by LTE, efficiencies can be generated by leveraging the prosand cons of LTE and NR to facilitate the interplay between LTE and NR,as discussed herein.

Reference throughout this specification to “one embodiment,” or “anembodiment,” means that a particular feature, structure, orcharacteristic described in connection with the embodiment is includedin at least one embodiment. Thus, the appearances of the phrase “in oneembodiment,” “in one aspect,” or “in an embodiment,” in various placesthroughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to thesame embodiment. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, orcharacteristics can be combined in any suitable manner in one or moreembodiments.

As used in this disclosure, in some embodiments, the terms “component,”“system,” “interface,” and the like are intended to refer to, orcomprise, a computer-related entity or an entity related to anoperational apparatus with one or more specific functionalities, whereinthe entity can be either hardware, a combination of hardware andsoftware, software, or software in execution, and/or firmware. As anexample, a component can be, but is not limited to being, a processrunning on a processor, a processor, an object, an executable, a threadof execution, computer-executable instructions, a program, and/or acomputer. By way of illustration and not limitation, both an applicationrunning on a server and the server can be a component.

One or more components can reside within a process and/or thread ofexecution and a component can be localized on one computer and/ordistributed between two or more computers. In addition, these componentscan execute from various computer readable media having various datastructures stored thereon. The components can communicate via localand/or remote processes such as in accordance with a signal having oneor more data packets (e.g., data from one component interacting withanother component in a local system, distributed system, and/or across anetwork such as the Internet with other systems via the signal). Asanother example, a component can be an apparatus with specificfunctionality provided by mechanical parts operated by electric orelectronic circuitry, which is operated by a software application orfirmware application executed by one or more processors, wherein theprocessor can be internal or external to the apparatus and can executeat least a part of the software or firmware application. As yet anotherexample, a component can be an apparatus that provides specificfunctionality through electronic components without mechanical parts,the electronic components can comprise a processor therein to executesoftware or firmware that confer(s) at least in part the functionalityof the electronic components. In an aspect, a component can emulate anelectronic component via a virtual machine, e.g., within a cloudcomputing system. While various components have been illustrated asseparate components, it will be appreciated that multiple components canbe implemented as a single component, or a single component can beimplemented as multiple components, without departing from exampleembodiments.

In addition, the words “example” and “exemplary” are used herein to meanserving as an instance or illustration. Any embodiment or designdescribed herein as “example” or “exemplary” is not necessarily to beconstrued as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments ordesigns. Rather, use of the word example or exemplary is intended topresent concepts in a concrete fashion. As used in this application, theterm “or” is intended to mean an inclusive “or” rather than an exclusive“or.” That is, unless specified otherwise or clear from context, “Xemploys A or B” is intended to mean any of the natural inclusivepermutations. That is, if X employs A; X employs B; or X employs both Aand B, then “X employs A or B” is satisfied under any of the foregoinginstances. In addition, the articles “a” and “an” as used in thisapplication and the appended claims should generally be construed tomean “one or more” unless specified otherwise or clear from context tobe directed to a singular form.

Moreover, terms such as “mobile device equipment,” “mobile station,”“mobile,” subscriber station,” “access terminal,” “terminal,” “handset,”“communication device,” “mobile device” (and/or terms representingsimilar terminology) can refer to a wireless device utilized by asubscriber or mobile device of a wireless communication service toreceive or convey data, control, voice, video, sound, gaming orsubstantially any data-stream or signaling-stream. The foregoing termsare utilized interchangeably herein and with reference to the relateddrawings. Likewise, the terms “access point (AP),” “Base Station (BS),”BS transceiver, BS device, cell site, cell site device, “Node B (NB),”“evolved Node B (eNode B),” “home Node B (HNB)” and the like, areutilized interchangeably in the application, and refer to a wirelessnetwork component or appliance that transmits and/or receives data,control, voice, video, sound, gaming or substantially any data-stream orsignaling-stream from one or more subscriber stations. Data andsignaling streams can be packetized or frame-based flows.

Furthermore, the terms “device,” “communication device,” “mobiledevice,” “subscriber,” “customer entity,” “consumer,” “customer entity,”“entity” and the like are employed interchangeably throughout, unlesscontext warrants particular distinctions among the terms. It should beappreciated that such terms can refer to human entities or automatedcomponents supported through artificial intelligence (e.g., a capacityto make inference based on complex mathematical formalisms), which canprovide simulated vision, sound recognition and so forth.

Embodiments described herein can be exploited in substantially anywireless communication technology, comprising, but not limited to,wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi), global system for mobile communications(GSM), universal mobile telecommunications system (UMTS), worldwideinteroperability for microwave access (WiMAX), enhanced general packetradio service (enhanced GPRS), third generation partnership project(3GPP) long term evolution (LTE), third generation partnership project 2(3GPP2) ultra mobile broadband (UMB), high speed packet access (HSPA),Z-Wave, Zigbee and other 802.XX wireless technologies and/or legacytelecommunication technologies.

The various aspects described herein can relate to New Radio (NR), whichcan be deployed as a standalone radio access technology or as anon-standalone radio access technology assisted by another radio accesstechnology, such as Long Term Evolution (LTE), for example. It should benoted that although various aspects and embodiments have been describedherein in the context of 5G, Universal Mobile Telecommunications System(UMTS), and/or Long Term Evolution (LTE), or other next generationnetworks, the disclosed aspects are not limited to 5G, a UMTSimplementation, and/or an LTE implementation as the techniques can alsobe applied in 3G, 4G, or LTE systems. For example, aspects or featuresof the disclosed embodiments can be exploited in substantially anywireless communication technology. Such wireless communicationtechnologies can include UMTS, Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA),Wi-Fi, Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX), GeneralPacket Radio Service (GPRS), Enhanced GPRS, Third Generation PartnershipProject (3GPP), LTE, Third Generation Partnership Project 2 (3GPP2)Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), High Speed Packet Access (HSPA), EvolvedHigh Speed Packet Access (HSPA+), High-Speed Downlink Packet Access(HSDPA), High-Speed Uplink Packet Access (HSUPA), Zigbee, or anotherIEEE 802.XX technology. Additionally, substantially all aspectsdisclosed herein can be exploited in legacy telecommunicationtechnologies.

As used herein, “5G” can also be referred to as NR access. Accordingly,systems, methods, and/or machine-readable storage media for facilitatinglink adaptation of downlink control channel for 5G systems are desired.As used herein, one or more aspects of a 5G network can comprise, but isnot limited to, data rates of several tens of megabits per second (Mbps)supported for tens of thousands of users; at least one gigabit persecond (Gbps) to be offered simultaneously to tens of users (e.g., tensof workers on the same office floor); several hundreds of thousands ofsimultaneous connections supported for massive sensor deployments;spectral efficiency significantly enhanced compared to 4G; improvementin coverage relative to 4G; signaling efficiency enhanced compared to4G; and/or latency significantly reduced compared to LTE.

Systems, methods and/or machine-readable storage media for facilitatinga two-stage downlink control channel for 5G systems are provided herein.Legacy wireless systems such as LTE, Long-Term Evolution Advanced(LTE-A), High Speed Packet Access (HSPA) etc. use fixed modulationformat for downlink control channels. Fixed modulation format impliesthat the downlink control channel format is always encoded with a singletype of modulation (e.g., quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK)) and hasa fixed code rate. Moreover, the forward error correction (FEC) encoderuses a single, fixed mother code rate of 1/3 with rate matching. Thisdesign does not take into the account channel statistics. For example,if the channel from the BS device to the mobile device is very good, thecontrol channel cannot use this information to adjust the modulation,code rate, thereby unnecessarily allocating power on the control channelSimilarly, if the channel from the BS to the mobile device is poor, thenthere is a probability that the mobile device might not be able todecode the information received with only the fixed modulation and coderate. As used herein, the term “infer” or “inference” refers generallyto the process of reasoning about, or inferring states of, the system,environment, user, and/or intent from a set of observations as capturedvia events and/or data. Captured data and events can include user data,device data, environment data, data from sensors, sensor data,application data, implicit data, explicit data, etc. Inference can beemployed to identify a specific context or action, or can generate aprobability distribution over states of interest based on aconsideration of data and events, for example.

Inference can also refer to techniques employed for composinghigher-level events from a set of events and/or data. Such inferenceresults in the construction of new events or actions from a set ofobserved events and/or stored event data, whether the events arecorrelated in close temporal proximity, and whether the events and datacome from one or several event and data sources. Various classificationprocedures and/or systems (e.g., support vector machines, neuralnetworks, expert systems, Bayesian belief networks, fuzzy logic, anddata fusion engines) can be employed in connection with performingautomatic and/or inferred action in connection with the disclosedsubject matter.

In addition, the various embodiments can be implemented as a method,apparatus, or article of manufacture using standard programming and/orengineering techniques to produce software, firmware, hardware, or anycombination thereof to control a computer to implement the disclosedsubject matter. The term “article of manufacture” as used herein isintended to encompass a computer program accessible from anycomputer-readable device, machine-readable device, computer-readablecarrier, computer-readable media, machine-readable media,computer-readable (or machine-readable) storage/communication media. Forexample, computer-readable media can comprise, but are not limited to, amagnetic storage device, e.g., hard disk; floppy disk; magneticstrip(s); an optical disk (e.g., compact disk (CD), a digital video disc(DVD), a Blu-ray Disc™ (BD)); a smart card; a flash memory device (e.g.,card, stick, key drive); and/or a virtual device that emulates a storagedevice and/or any of the above computer-readable media. Of course, thoseskilled in the art will recognize many modifications can be made to thisconfiguration without departing from the scope or spirit of the variousembodiments

The above description of illustrated embodiments of the subjectdisclosure, including what is described in the Abstract, is not intendedto be exhaustive or to limit the disclosed embodiments to the preciseforms disclosed. While specific embodiments and examples are describedherein for illustrative purposes, various modifications are possiblethat are considered within the scope of such embodiments and examples,as those skilled in the relevant art can recognize.

In this regard, while the subject matter has been described herein inconnection with various embodiments and corresponding figures, whereapplicable, it is to be understood that other similar embodiments can beused or modifications and additions can be made to the describedembodiments for performing the same, similar, alternative, or substitutefunction of the disclosed subject matter without deviating therefrom.Therefore, the disclosed subject matter should not be limited to anysingle embodiment described herein, but rather should be construed inbreadth and scope in accordance with the appended claims below.

What is claimed is:
 1. A method, comprising: determining, by a userequipment comprising a processor, a precoding matrix indicator and atransmission rank from a group of transmission ranks based on a numberof channel state information reference signal ports assigned to the userequipment, wherein the determining of the transmission rank is based oncapacity information determined for the transmission rank satisfying adefined capacity information threshold, and wherein defined capacityinformation is indicative of a data carrying capacity for thetransmission rank; determining, by the user equipment, channel qualityindicator information based on the transmission rank and the precodingmatrix indicator; and transmitting, by the user equipment, the precodingmatrix indicator to network equipment.
 2. The method of claim 1, furthercomprising: receiving, by the user equipment, a transmission, from thenetwork equipment, that comprises a channel state information referencesignal that comprises an indication of the number of channel stateinformation reference signal ports configured for the user equipment. 3.The method of claim 2, wherein the receiving comprises receiving theindication that the user equipment is configured with a type 1demodulation reference signal pattern.
 4. The method of claim 2, whereinthe receiving comprises receiving the indication that the user equipmentis configured with a type 2 demodulation reference signal pattern. 5.The method of claim 2, wherein the receiving comprises receiving theindication that the user equipment is configured with a single symbol.6. The method of claim 2, wherein the receiving comprises receiving theindication that the user equipment is configured with two symbols. 7.The method of claim 1, wherein the determining comprises facilitating achoice of the transmission rank and the precoding matrix indicator basedon a capacity-based approach.
 8. A system, comprising: a processor; anda memory that stores executable instructions that, when executed by theprocessor, facilitate performance of operations, comprising: receiving atransmission, from network equipment, that comprises a channel stateinformation reference signal that comprises an indication of a number ofchannel state information reference signal ports configured for a userequipment; and determining a precoding matrix indicator and atransmission rank from a group of transmission ranks based on the numberof channel state information reference signal ports, wherein thedetermining comprises selecting the transmission rank from the group oftransmission ranks, and wherein resource blocks of transmission ranks inthe group of transmission ranks comprise respective overhead values. 9.The system of claim 8, wherein the operations further comprise:determining the transmission rank based on capacity informationdetermined for the transmission rank satisfying a defined capacityinformation threshold, and wherein defined capacity information isindicative of a data carrying capacity for the transmission rank. 10.The system of claim 8, wherein the operations further comprise:transmitting the precoding matrix indicator to the network equipment viaa fifth generation communications network.
 11. The system of claim 8,wherein the determining of the precoding matrix indicator comprisesselecting the transmission rank based on mutual information per symboldetermined as a function of post-processing signal to interference plusnoise ratio for transmission ranks of the group of transmission ranks.12. The system of claim 8, wherein the determining of the precodingmatrix indicator comprises using a capacity-based approach.
 13. Thesystem of claim 8, wherein the determining of the precoding matrixindicator comprises using mutual information for a first selection ofthe transmission rank and a second selection of the precoding matrixindicator.
 14. The system of claim 8, wherein the indication is a firstindication, and wherein the receiving comprises receiving a secondindication that the user equipment is configured with a type 1demodulation reference signal pattern.
 15. The system of claim 8,wherein the indication is a first indication, and wherein the receivingcomprises receiving a second indication that the user equipment isconfigured with a type 2 demodulation reference signal pattern.
 16. Thesystem of claim 8, wherein the indication is a first indication, andwherein the receiving comprises receiving a second indication that theuser equipment is configured with a single symbol or receiving a thirdindication that the user equipment is configured with two symbols. 17.The system of claim 8, wherein the user equipment is configured tooperate according to a fifth generation communication protocol.
 18. Anon-transitory machine-readable medium, comprising executableinstructions that, when executed by a processor, facilitate performanceof operations, comprising: selecting a precoding matrix indicator and atransmission rank from a group of transmission ranks based on a numberof channel state information reference signal ports assigned to a userequipment; determining, by the user equipment, channel quality indicatorinformation based on the transmission rank and the precoding matrixindicator; and transmitting data indicative of the precoding matrixindicator to network equipment.
 19. The non-transitory machine-readablemedium of claim 18, wherein the selecting of the transmission rank isbased on capacity information determined for the transmission ranksatisfying a defined capacity information threshold, and wherein definedcapacity information is indicative of a data carrying capacity for thetransmission rank.
 20. The non-transitory machine-readable medium ofclaim 18, wherein the operations further comprise: receiving, from thenetwork equipment, a channel state information reference signal thatcomprises an indication of the number of channel state informationreference signal ports configured for the user equipment.